Enhancement and modulation of valley polarization in Janus CrSSe with internal and external electric fields.

The valley polarization, induced by the magnetic proximity effect, in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), has attracted significant attention due to the intriguing fundamental physics. However, the enhancement and modulation of valley polarization for real device applications is still a challenge. Here, using first-principles calculations we investigate the valley polarization properties of monolayer TMDCs CrS2 and CrSe2 and how to enhance the valley polarization by constructing Janus CrSSe (with an internal electric field) and modulate the polarization in CrSSe by applying external electric fields. Janus CrSSe exhibits inversion symmetry breaking, internal electric field, spin-orbit coupling, and compelling spin-valley coupling. A magnetic substrate of the MnO2 monolayer can induce a modest magnetic moment in CrSe2, CrSe2, and CrSSe. Notably, the Janus structure with an internal electric field has a much larger valley p compared with its non-Janus counterparts. Moreover, the strength of valley polarization can be further modulated by applying external electric fields. These findings suggest that Janus materials hold promise for designing and developing advanced valleytronic devices.

Correlation between body composition and disease severity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: Body composition changes are important extrapulmonary manifestations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of body composition in patients with COPD, and its correlation with disease severity. Methods: A total of 105 COPD patients admitted to Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Dalian University, from May 1, 2021 to January 31, 2023, were included as the COPD group, and 105 subjects without COPD were enrolled as the control group during the same period. According to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) comprehensive assessment indicators, COPD patients were divided into groups: the degree of pulmonary function airflow limitation was grouped according to FEV1%pred; clinical symptoms were grouped according to mMRC scores and CAT scores; the risk of acute exacerbation was divided into low risk and high risk groups. Body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Results: (1) Concerning body composition, the body mass index (BMI), fat-free mass index (FFMI), and angle of phase (PhA) of COPD patients were lower than those of the control group. Extracellular water-to-total body water ratio (ECW/TBW) and extra-to-intracellular water ratio (ECW/ICW) were higher than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). (2) There were differences in body composition among COPD patients with different severity of disease: FFMI and PhA in the mild/moderate airflow limitation group were higher than those in the severe/very severe airflow limitation group. According to mMRC scores classification, the FFMI and PhA of the less symptomatic group were higher than those of the more symptomatic group, and ECW/TBW and ECW/ICW were lower than those of the more symptomatic group. According to CAT scores classification, FFMI and PhA in the mild/moderate disease group were higher than those in the severe/very severe disease group. The FFMI of the low-risk group was higher than that of the high-risk group, and ECW/TBW was lower than that of the high risk group. (3) Correlation analysis between body composition and disease severity indicators showed that FFMI and PhA were negatively correlated with mMRC scores and CAT scores, and positively correlated with FEV1%pred. ECW/TBW ratio and ECW/ICW ratio were positively correlated with mMRC scores and CAT scores, and negatively correlated with FEV1%pred, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion: There are significant differences in body composition between COPD patients and the control group, and there are significant differences in body composition between COPD patients with different severity of disease, with correlations between body composition and severity of disease.

Electrostatic Gating of Spin Dynamics of a Quasi-2D Kagome Magnet.

Electrostatic gating has emerged as a powerful technique for tailoring the magnetic properties of two-dimensional (2D) magnets, offering exciting prospects including enhancement of magnetic anisotropy, boosting Curie temperature, and strengthening exchange coupling effects. Here, we focus on electrical control of the ferromagnetic resonance of the quasi-2D Kagome magnet Cu(1,3-bdc). By harnessing an electrostatic field through ionic liquid gating, significant shifts are observed in the ferromagnetic resonance field in both out-of-plane and in-plane measurements. Moreover, the effective magnetization and gyromagnetic ratios display voltage-dependent variations. A closer examination reveals that the voltage-induced changes can modulate magnetocrystalline anisotropy by several hundred gauss, while the impact on orbital magnetization remains relatively subtle. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal varying d-orbital hybridizations at different voltages. This research unveils intricate physics within the Kagome lattice magnet and further underscores the potential of electrostatic manipulation in steering magnetism with promising implications for the development of spintronic devices.

Determination of the two-compartment model parameters of exhaled HCN by fast negative photoionization mass spectrometry.

Breath exhaled hydrogen cyanide (HCN) has been identified to be associated with several respiratory diseases. Accurately distinguishing the concentration and release rate of different HCN sources is of great value in clinical research. However, there are still significant challenges due to the high adsorption and low concentration characteristics of exhaled HCN. In this study, a two-compartment kinetic model method based on negative photoionization mass spectrometry was developed to simultaneously determine the kinetic parameters including concentrations and release rates in the airways and alveoli. The influences of the sampling line diameter, length, and temperature on the response time of the sampling system were studied and optimized, achieving a response time of 0.2 s. The negative influence of oral cavity-released HCN was reduced by employing a strategy based on anatomical lung volume calculation. The calibration for HCN in the dynamic range of 0.5-100 ppbv and limit of detection (LOD) at 0.3 ppbv were achieved. Subsequently, the experiments of smoking, short-term passive smoking, and intake of bitter almonds were performed to examine the influences of endogenous and exogenous factors on the dynamic parameters of the model method. The results indicate that compared with steady-state concentration measurements, the kinetic parameters obtained using this model method can accurately and significantly reflect the changes in different HCN sources, highlighting its potential for HCN-related disease research.

A straightforward spectral emissivity estimating method based on constructing random rough surfaces.

Spectral emissivity is an essential and sensitive parameter to characterize the radiative capacity of the solid surface in scientific and engineering applications, which would be non-negligibly affected by surface morphology. However, there is a lack of assessment of the effect of roughness on emissivity and a straightforward method for estimating the emissivity of rough surfaces. This paper established an estimating method based on constructing random rough surfaces to predict rough surface (Geometric region) emissivity for metal solids. Based on this method, the emissivity of ideal gray and non-gray body surfaces was calculated and analyzed. The calculated and measured spectral emissivities of GH3044, K465, DD6, and TC4 alloys with different roughness were compared. The results show that the emissivity increases with the roughness degree, and the enhancement effect weakens with the increase of roughness or emissivity due to the existing limit (emissivity ε = 1.0). At the same time, the roughness would not change the overall spectral distribution characteristics but may attenuate the local features of the spectral emissivity. The estimated results are in good agreement with the experimental data for the above alloys' rough surfaces. This study provides a new reliable approach to obtaining the spectral emissivity of rough surfaces. This approach is especially beneficial for measuring objects in extreme environments where emissivity is difficult to obtain. Meanwhile, this study promotes an understanding of surface morphology's effect mechanism on emissivity.

LC567: a new 2D semimetallic carbon allotrope as a promising anode material for lithium-ion batteries.

A novel two-dimensional carbon allotrope has been proposed using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The cell contains 24 carbon atoms and is composed of five-, six-, and seven-membered rings, named LC567. It is low in energy and has excellent dynamic, thermal, and mechanical stability. Our results demonstrate that the theoretical capacity of monolayer LC567 is up to 1117 mA h g-1, and the lithium diffusion barrier is also very low, around 0.18 eV, which is superior to graphene and most reported two-dimensional anode materials. In addition, LC567 exhibits quite low open circuit voltage during the process of Li ion insertion. For the bulk of LC567, it still exhibits high capacity and ideal open circuit voltage, revealing its potential application as an anode for lithium batteries. Meanwhile, we discuss the mechanism of the high capacity and low diffusion barrier of LC567 as an anode material for lithium batteries, and find that the high capacity and low diffusion barrier properties may be related to the pentagonal carbon rings (C5).

Predicting lymphedema self-management behaviours in breast cancer patients: A structural equation model with the Integrated Theory of Health Behaviour Change.

AIMS: To explore predictors of lymphedema self-management behaviours among Chinese breast cancer survivors based on the Integrated Theory of Health Behaviour Change, and to clarify the interrelationship among these variables. DESIGN: Further analysis of a multicentre cross-sectional and survey-based study. METHODS: A total of 586 participants with breast cancer were recruited from December 2021 to April 2022 in different cities in China. We used self-reported questionnaires to collect data. Descriptive analysis, bivariate analysis and structural equation model were performed. RESULTS: The Integrated Theory of Health Behaviour Change is suitable for predicting lymphedema self-management behaviours. The final structural model showed good model fit. Social support, self-efficacy and lymphedema knowledge positively affected lymphedema self-management behaviours, directly and indirectly. Self-regulation acted as a crucial mediator between these variables and self-management. The direct path between social support and self-regulation was not significant. Lymphedema knowledge and social support also influenced self-management via illness perception, self-efficacy and self-regulation, sequentially. These variables explained 55.9% of the variance in lymphedema self-management behaviours. CONCLUSIONS: The modified model based on the Integrated Theory of Health Behaviour Change fitted well in predicting lymphedema self-management behaviours among breast cancer patients. Lymphedema knowledge, illness perception, self-efficacy, social support and self-regulation directly and indirectly influenced lymphedema self-management behaviours. IMPACT: This study provides a theoretical basis for the assessment and interventions of lymphedema self-management behaviours in breast cancer patients. Lymphedema self-management behaviours should be assessed regularly and comprehensively, taking these predictors into consideration to identify potential barriers. Further research is needed to explore effective interventions integrating these significant predictors. REPORTING METHOD: This study was reported following Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist for cross-sectional studies. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: No patient or public contributed to the design or conduct of the study, analysis or interpretation of the data, or in the preparation of the manuscript. WHAT DOES THIS PAPER CONTRIBUTE TO THE WIDER GLOBAL CLINICAL COMMUNITY?: This study focused on identifying and predicting mechanism of self-management based on a theory of behaviour change. The results can be applied among patients with other chronic diseases or high-risk populations, and inspire the assessment and interventions facilitating self-management behaviours. STUDY REGISTRATION: This study was registered as an observational study at Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: http://www.chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR2200057084). IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION AND/OR PATIENT CARE: For breast cancer patients with poor lymphedema self-management behaviour, attention should be raised among nurses and involved healthcare staffs that lymphedema self-management is multi-faced. Strategies targeted at improving social support, self-regulation, knowledge, self-efficacy and illness perception should be also addressed in lymphedema self-management programs, to facilitate more effective improvement of lymphedema self-management behaviours.

Multi-UUV Maneuvering Counter-Game for Dynamic Target Scenario Based on Fractional-Order Recurrent Neural Network.

In this article, a multi-underwater unmanned vehicle (UUV) maneuvering decision-making algorithm is proposed for a counter-game with a dynamic target scenario. The game is modeled with interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy rules, and an optimal maneuvering strategy is realized using a fractional-order recurrent neural network (RNN). First, underwater environments with weak connectivity, underwater noise, and dynamic uncertainties are analyzed and incorporated into the interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy set. Then, the maneuvering decision-making model and the expected return of the multi-UUV countermeasure are designed based on the interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy rules. Subsequently, to optimize the counter-game maneuvering strategy, a fractional-order RNN is formulated based on the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker optimality conditions. In addition, the existence and uniqueness of the optimal maneuvering solutions as well as the stability of the equilibrium point are discussed. Finally, simulation and experimental results are compared to determine the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The influence of the fractional order on the convergence rate and optimization error of the proposed algorithm is also minutely examined.

Body composition and dietary intake in patients with head and neck cancer during radiotherapy: a longitudinal study.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the body composition and dietary intake in the patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) during radiotherapy (RT), and explore the relationship between them. METHODS: This was a prospective, longitudinal observational study. Adult patients with HNC undergoing RT between March 2017 and August 2018 were recruited. Patients' body compositions were evaluated by bioelectrical impedance analysis, and dietary intake was recorded by 24-hour dietary recall at three time points, including baseline (T1), mid-treatment (T2) and post-treatment (T3). Patients were divided into low, middle and high energy intake groups based on the average daily energy intake (DEI). Changes in body weight (BW), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM) and skeletal muscle mass (SMM) among these three groups were compared. RESULTS: From T1 to T3, the median loss of patients' BW, FM, FFM and SMM was 4.60, 1.90, 2.60 and 1.50 kg, respectively. The loss of BW was more dramatic from T2 to T3 than that from T1 to T2. BW loss was mainly contributed by SMM loss from T1 to T2 and by FM loss from T2 to T3. Meanwhile, patients' dietary intake reduced during treatment. High DEI group had a significantly attenuated loss of patients' BW, FFM, SMM and FM compared with the low DEI group. CONCLUSION: Patients' BW, FM, FFM and SMM all significantly reduced, especially from T2 to T3, with decreased DEI during RT, which stresses the importance of nutrition intervention during the whole course of RT.

Predictive effect of pretreatment nutritional risk and GLIM-defined malnutrition on the nutrition impact symptom clusters in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiotherapy.

BACKGROUND: Evidence supporting predictive effects of pretreatment nutritional risk and nutritional status on nutrition impact symptom (NIS) clusters during radiotherapy in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) is insufficient. METHODS: At baseline (T1 ), we collected severity and interference of NIS (Head and Neck Patient Symptom Checklist), nutritional risk, and nutritional status. During (T2 ) and at the end of radiotherapy (T3 ), we re-evaluated NIS. Symptom clusters were identified by exploratory factor analysis using mean scores of NIS severity at T2 and T3 . Predictive effects were explored by generalized estimating equations. RESULTS: Five hundred thirty-seven patients were recruited and 334 of them completed. Four clusters were identified; the oropharyngeal symptom cluster was the most severe and had the greatest interference with diet. Patients with pretreatment nutritional risk or malnutrition experienced more severe oropharyngeal symptom cluster. CONCLUSIONS: Pretreatment nutritional risk or malnutrition could predict the oropharyngeal symptom cluster in patients with HNC undergoing radiotherapy.

De novo design of dual-target JAK2, SMO inhibitors based on deep reinforcement learning, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and HER2-positive breast cancer are particularly aggressive and the effectiveness of current therapies for them is limited. TNBC lacks effective therapies and HER2-positive cancer is often resistant to HER2-targeted drugs after an initial response. The recent studies have demonstrated that the combination of JAK2 inhibitors and SMO inhibitors can effectively inhibit the growth and metastasis of TNBC and HER2-positive drug resistant breast cancer cells. In this study, deep reinforcement learning was used to learn the characteristics of existing small molecule inhibitors of JAK2 and SMO, and to generate a novel library of small molecule compounds that may be able to inhibit both JAK2 and SMO. Subsequently, the molecule library was screened by molecular docking and a total of 7 compounds were selected out as dual inhibitors of JAK2 and SMO. Molecular dynamics simulations and binding free energies showed that the top three compounds stably bound to both JAK2 and SMO proteins. The binding free energies and hydrogen bond occupancy of key amino acids indicate that A8976 and A10625 has good properties and could be a potential dual-target inhibitor of JAK2 and SMO.

Psychometric Properties of the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Behavior of Oncology Nurses on Advance Care Planning Instrument.

OBJECTIVE: Advance care planning has been practiced in Western countries for several years, but non-Western cultures face challenges in implementation. This study was dedicated to translating the instrument measure into Chinese, examining its psychometric qualities and exploring the relationships among knowledge, attitudes, and practicing behaviors in advance care planning among oncology nurses in China. DATA SOURCES: The research adopted a cross-sectional design from September 3 to October 5, 2021. After translation and cultural adaptation, oncology nurses (N = 249) were involved. The research used psychometric evaluation to verify that the content validity, structural validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability enhanced the analytical rigorous instrument. CONCLUSION: The translated and adapted instruments showed reasonable psychometric properties. The Chinese version of the KAB-ACP for oncology nurses is a consistent, valid, and reliable instrument for assessing knowledge, attitude, and practice behavior of Chinese-speaking nurses who work in advance care planning by researchers or clinicians. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Measures of oncology nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and practice behaviors will allow for more targeted interventions that will improve end-of-life care outcomes.

An artificial intelligence-assisted diagnostic system for the prediction of benignity and malignancy of pulmonary nodules and its practical value for patients with different clinical characteristics.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the value of an artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted diagnostic system in the prediction of pulmonary nodules. Methods: The AI system was able to make predictions of benign or malignant nodules. 260 cases of solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) were divided into 173 malignant cases and 87 benign cases based on the surgical pathological diagnosis. A stratified data analysis was applied to compare the diagnostic effectiveness of the AI system to distinguish between the subgroups with different clinical characteristics. Results: The accuracy of AI system in judging benignity and malignancy of the nodules was 75.77% (p < 0.05). We created an ROC curve by calculating the true positive rate (TPR) and the false positive rate (FPR) at different threshold values, and the AUC was 0.755. Results of the stratified analysis were as follows. (1) By nodule position: the AUC was 0.677, 0.758, 0.744, 0.982, and 0.725, respectively, for the nodules in the left upper lobe, left lower lobe, right upper lobe, right middle lobe, and right lower lobe. (2) By nodule size: the AUC was 0.778, 0.771, and 0.686, respectively, for the nodules measuring 5-10, 10-20, and 20-30 mm in diameter. (3) The predictive accuracy was higher for the subsolid pulmonary nodules than for the solid ones (80.54 vs. 66.67%). Conclusion: The AI system can be applied to assist in the prediction of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules. It can provide a valuable reference, especially for the diagnosis of subsolid nodules and small nodules measuring 5-10 mm in diameter.

Development and psychometric evaluation of a lymphoedema self-management behaviour questionnaire for breast cancer patients.

OBJECTIVES: The study was aimed to develop and evaluate a lymphoedema self-management behaviour questionnaire (LSMBQ) for breast cancer patients. METHODS: The initial version of the behaviour questionnaire was developed based on the framework of self-management and the evidence summary of lymphoedema self-management. Two rounds of expert consultation were conducted to validate the questionnaire's content validity. A cross-sectional survey was then conducted in breast wards of two hospitals in China to evaluate the reliability and validity of this scale. Exploratory structural equation model was used to test the construct validity. T-test was used to analyse the known group validity. Structural equation model was applied to verify the relationship between self-efficacy, social support, and lymphoedema self-management behaviour to test the convergent validity. Also, the internal consistency reliability and test-retest reliability were evaluated. RESULTS: The questionnaire's content validity was satisfactory. There were 22 items included in the LSMBQ for validation and 260 completed the survey. A six-factor structure with good construct validity was identified. The result of t-test verified that patients who knew the risk of lymphoedema and those who received lymphoedema health education had higher scores of lymphoedema self-management behaviours (P < 0.05), indicating that the questionnaire has good known group validity. The fitting results of the structural equation model indicated that the 22-item questionnaire had good convergent validity. Cronbach's alpha coefficients and test-retest reliability for the total questionnaire were 0.910 and 0.875, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The 22-item LSMBQ appears to have adequate reliability and validity to assess the lymphoedema self-management behaviours for breast cancer patients.

Moderated Role of Social Support in the Relationship between Job Strain, Burnout, and Organizational Commitment among Operating Room Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Unique environment, coupled with overload, low job control, and high risk might put operating room (OR) nurses in a state of high job strain, which might have negative influences on burnout and organizational commitment. Based on the Job Demand-Control-Support model and previous studies, we hypothesized that the relationship between job strain (determined by job demand and control) and organizational commitment could be mediated by burnout (emotional exhaustion and depersonalization), the effect of job strain on burnout and organizational commitment could be moderated by social support. To verify the hypothesis, a quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted, 509 OR nurses from 30 tertiary hospitals in Beijing were recruited. Multiple-group path analysis was used to test the moderated role of social support. Propensity score matching was applied to match job strain in different groups. Our research found that in the low social support group, job strain was not related to organizational commitment, while in the high social support group, depersonalization was not related to organizational commitment. Furthermore, nurses in the low social support group were more likely to have depersonalization under job strain compared to the high social support group. Social support should be provided to alleviate the negative impact of job strain.

Virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulation for identification of natural antiviral agents targeting SARS-CoV-2 NSP10.

New variations of SARS-CoV-2 continue to emerge in the global pandemic, which may be resistant to at least some vaccines in COVID-19, indicating that drug and vaccine development must be continuously strengthened. NSP10 plays an essential role in SARS-CoV-2 viral life cycle. It stimulates the enzymatic activities of NSP14-ExoN and NSP16-O-MTase by the formation of NSP10/NSP14 and NSP10/NSP16 complexes. Inhibiting NSP10 can block the binding of NSP10 to NSP14 and NSP16. This study has identified potential natural NSP10 inhibitors from ZINC database. The protein druggable pocket was identified for screening candidates. Molecular docking of the selected compounds was performed and MM-GBSA binding energy was calculated. After ADMET assessment, 4 hits were obtained for favorable druggability. The analysis of site interactions suggested that the hits all had excellent binding. Molecular dynamics studies revealed that selected natural compounds stably bind to NSP10. These compounds were identified as potential leads against NSP10 for the development of strategies to combat SARS-CoV-2 replication and could serve as the basis for further studies.

Association between body composition and survival in head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy.

BACKGROUND: Body composition may influence the prognosis of head and neck cancer (HNC) patients. To find out the most crucial factors in this relationship, we explored the association between body composition and survival. METHODS: In this prospective longitudinal study, HNC patients who underwent radiotherapy (RT) from March 2017 to December 2018 were recruited. The association between body composition and survival was analyzed using Cox proportional hazard regression. RESULTS: Final analysis included 316 patients, with a median follow-up of 34.4 months. Multivariable analysis revealed that weight loss 6 months before RT and body composition changes during RT did not affect the survival outcome. However, patients with low appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) before RT exhibited poor overall survival (OS). ASMI before RT was an independent prognostic factor for OS. CONCLUSIONS: Body composition loss was common during RT, and ASMI before RT independently influenced the survival outcomes of HNC patients.

Increasing circulating ESM-1 and adhesion molecules are associated with earlystage atherosclerosis in OSA patients:A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: There are increasing evidences for a direct relationship between the vascular system and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between circulating endothelial cell specific molecule-1 (ESM-1), adhesion molecules and subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with OSA. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study in which 161 patients with OSA and 56 controls were recruited. Demographic data, biochemical and polysomnography parameters were collected. We used a powerful high-throughput Multiplex Immunobead Assay technique to simultaneously test plasm levels of ESM-1, P-selectin, E-selectin, L-selectin, inter-cellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1). Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) were measured as parameters of vascular endothelial dysfunction and early atherosclerosis. RESULTS: Increasing circulating levels of ESM-1, P-selectin, E-selectin, L-selectin, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 were found increased in patients with OSA (all P < 0.001). Furthermore, OSA patients exhibited increased CIMT than controls (P < 0.05). Multivariate linear analysis indicated that elevated ESM-1, P-Selectin, E-selectin, and L-selectin levels were associated with AHI (all P < 0.05). Moreover, multivariate analysis showed that increasing ESM-1, VCAM-1, P-Selectin, and L-selectin were significantly associated with thick CIMT in OSA patients (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Increased circulating ESM-1 and adhesion molecules associated with thick CIMT in OSA, which is a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis. Strict attention to monitor circulating ESM-1 and adhesion molecules is necessary for early detection of subclinical atherosclerosis in OSA patients.

Evidence of Magnon-Mediated Orbital Magnetism in a Quasi-2D Topological Magnon Insulator.

We explore spin dynamics in Cu(1,3-bdc), a quasi-2D topological magnon insulator. The results show that the thermal evolution of the Landé g factor (g) is anisotropic: gin-plane decreases while gout-of-plane increases with increasing temperature T. Moreover, the anisotropy of the g factor (Δg) and the anisotropy of saturation magnetization (ΔMs) are correlated below 4 K, but they diverge above 4 K. We show that the electronic orbital moment contributes to the g anisotropy at lower T, while the topological orbital moment induced by thermally excited spin chirality dictates the g anisotropy at higher T. Our work suggests an interplay among topology, spin chirality, and orbital magnetism in Cu(1,3-bdc).